"There is considerable confusion surrounding the differences between Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI)," said professional fiduciary and certified elder law Attorney RJ Connelly III. "Although the Social Security Administration administers both programs, they are designed for distinct populations and have unique eligibility criteria that hinge on individual work histories and income levels. As a result, not everyone can qualify for these programs, leading to misunderstandings about the available benefits. In today’s blog, we will look at these programs, exploring their specific requirements and how they support individuals facing financial challenges due to disabilities."
Social Security Disability Insurance
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) is a crucial safety net for individuals who cannot work due to serious health conditions. This program provides financial support for those who have contributed to the system through employment. When health issues prevent them from earning an income, SSDI offers the necessary assistance.
To qualify for SSDI, applicants must meet specific work history requirements. Generally, they must accumulate a certain number of work credits based on their earnings and the Social Security taxes deducted from their paychecks throughout their careers. Most individuals must have forty work credits, with at least twenty earned within the ten years preceding the onset of their disability.
However, the program recognizes the circumstances of younger applicants, adjusting its criteria accordingly. For those aged twenty-four and younger, only six work credits from the three years before their disability are necessary. If a disability arises before they turn twenty-four, they typically only need a year and a half of work—amounting to six credits—within that same three-year window.
The requirements for individuals between 24 and 30 reflect their work history since turning twenty-one. They must have credits equivalent to half the time they worked before their disability began. Meanwhile, those aged thirty-one or older need at least twenty work credits earned ten years before their disability.
As of this year (2025), individuals earn one work credit for every $1,810 they make, with a maximum of four credits available within a year. This structure ensures that those contributing to the workforce can access financial assistance during challenging times, demonstrating a strong commitment to supporting those facing significant health struggles.
One notable advantage of SSDI is that it does not restrict personal assets. Beneficiaries can own stocks, property, and savings without jeopardizing their eligibility for benefits. This flexibility enables individuals with chronic health issues to manage their finances more comfortably while receiving the necessary support.
To qualify for SSDI, individuals must prove that they have a significant medical condition that limits their ability to work in any capacity. This condition must be severe enough to last at least twelve months or be expected to result in death. Furthermore, it is crucial that this medical issue not only prevents the individual from performing their previous job but also renders them unable to adjust to other employment opportunities.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
SSI is a program that provides monthly financial assistance to individuals with limited income or resources. It specifically targets three groups: blind individuals, individuals aged sixty-five or older, and those with qualifying disabilities. This year, the maximum monthly benefit for eligible individuals is expected to be $967, while couples may receive a combined benefit of up to $1,450. These figures are established by law to maintain consistency in benefit distribution among all applicants.
Many states also supplement these federal benefits with additional financial assistance, further alleviating the economic burden on eligible recipients. An important aspect of SSI is that eligibility does not depend on an applicant's work history, which allows individuals who may not have extensive employment records to still qualify for this financial support.
It's important to note that SSI is not funded through Social Security taxes; its funding comes from income taxes and other tax sources. However, applicants should be aware that income from sources such as Social Security retirement benefits can reduce the amount of SSI benefits they may receive.
To qualify for SSI, applicants must adhere to specific financial resource limits. Individuals cannot have more than $2,000 in assets, while couples are allowed a slightly greater limit of $3,000. This resource restriction ensures that assistance is directed to those most in need, reflecting the program’s commitment to supporting society's most vulnerable populations.
Qualifying for Both SSDI and SSI
You may be able to get financial help from both Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) under certain situations. This usually happens when you qualify for both programs at the same time. If the amount you receive from SSDI is less than what you could get from SSI, you might be able to combine both benefits to ensure you get the most support possible.
Because of this possibility, applying for both SSDI and SSI simultaneously is a good idea. Doing so can increase your chances of receiving the highest total benefits, giving you more financial security when you cannot work due to a disability. Plus, applying for both programs can make the process easier as you work through the Social Security system.
A Final Word
"The main difference between SSI and SSDI is their eligibility criteria," stated Attorney Connelly. "SSI is an entitlement program accessible to individuals with disabilities regardless of work history, while SSDI requires applicants to have earned work credits. Both provide monthly financial assistance but target distinct groups based on employment background."
Please note that the information provided in this blog is not intended to and should not be construed as legal, financial, or medical advice. The content, materials, and information presented in this blog are solely for general informational purposes and may not be the most up-to-date information available regarding legal, financial, or medical matters. This blog may also contain links to other third-party websites that are included for the convenience of the reader or user. Please note that Connelly Law Offices, Ltd. does not necessarily recommend or endorse the contents of such third-party sites. If you have any particular legal matters, financial concerns, or medical issues, we strongly advise you to consult your attorney, professional fiduciary advisor, or medical provider.
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